Infraestructura como código
En este nuevo artículo me gustaría explicar que es infraestructura
como código (IAC), pero primero definamos a que nos referimos cuando
hablamos sobre infraestructura.
Cuando hablamos de infraestructura nos referimos en este caso, a un
servidor(vps) , dominios, redes privadas. etc.
Definición
El concepto de infraestructura como código no es más que la forma de
automatización de nuestra infraestructura a través de código .
Puede que tu seas un freelance o trabajes en una compañía, en la que
constantemente se hace deploy de nuevas aplicaciones.
Imagina tener que estar creando un servidor(vps), agregando las llaves
ssh, creando un record A, load balancers, continuar con la instalación y
configuración de nginx ,mysql docker, php, etc. Todo esto cada vez que
tengas que hacer deploy de una nueva aplicación.
Este es un proceso en el que muchas veces se le dedica tiempo
innecesario.
Es por ello que muchas veces, es mejor encontrar o crear una solución para la automatización en este tipo de procesos.
Para poder trabajar o usar infraestructura como código, lo único que
tenemos que hacer es bien, crear nuestro propio script, o bien usar
alguna herramienta de un tercero.
Usualmente cuando trabajamos con infraestructura como código,
independiente de la herramienta que usamos, siempre trabajamos con algún
lenguaje para la descripción de la configuración, pudiendo ser json,
yaml o algún nuevo lenguaje propio del software (domain-specific
language ). dentro del archivo de configuración, es donde definiremos
todo los componentes necesarios para crear nuestra infraestructura,
variando de sintaxis entre los diferentes softwares que podemos usar.
Cabe mencionar que, usualmente este tipo de software nos permite,
configurar a nuestra infraestructura, de una manera muy detallada,
dependiendo del tipo de proveedor que elijamos , por ejemplo, poder
configurar redes privadas, sistema operativo, podemos agregar dominios,
subdominios , agregar nuestra claves ssh, elegir el datacenter etc. Algo
interesante es que, podemos agregar y ejecutar scripts dentro del vps
durante la construcción, esto para poder configurar dentro todo el
software.
Aunque de igual forma, tenemos otro concepto llamado configuración
como código (CaC)
Qué es exactamente el mismo concepto, pero este está orientado a la
configuración del software dentro de la infraestructura(vps), por
ejemplo la instalación y configuración de nginx, docker, ruby etc. Sin
embargo muchas veces los mismos proveedores (IaC) tienen la misma
funcionalidad o su funcionalidad es intercambiable.
Ventajas y desventajas.
Dentro de las ventajas como hemos mencionado es el de elaborar una
plantilla que podemos re-utilizar múltiples veces, eliminando la
necesidad de realizar configuraciones manuales. Esta sería, la principal
y más importante característica de este tipo de software.
Ya que con ello podemos hacer la replicación de la misma configuración,
para diferentes entornos, para testing, QA, producción, desarrollo, etc.
Otra ventaja que podemos encontrar es que usualmente este tipo de
software es del tipo agnóstico lo que quiere decir que no importa, el
proveedor en donde estés configurando nuestra infraestructura, pudiendo
ser digital ocean, amazon web services, azure, e inclusive virtualbox.
Una desventaja que podemos encontrar es quizá el tiempo que le
dedicamos en configurar nuestro archivo de configuración, así mismo, el
tener que modificar el archivo si es que agregamos una nueva tecnología o
configuración a nuestra infraestructura.
Lista de software para IaC y CaC
Debajo vemos una lista con varios de los proveedores de infraestructura y configuración como código más sobresalientes.
Cada uno de ellos comparten cierta similitud, en cuanto a configuración.
- Terraform
- Chef
- Puppet
- Ansible
- SaltStack
Conclusión
La automatización es sin duda una de las mejores cosas que podemos
hacer para ahorrar tiempo y muchas veces recursos.
El uso de IaC, dentro de una empresa o de manera independiente trae
muchas ventajas a largo plazo. Este concepto de IaC no es para nada
nuevo, es un concepto de muchos años. De hecho muchos autores. hacen
referencia a que este concepto fue la base de la cual ha surgido toda
esta tendencia del devops.
Espero que este pequeño artículo te haya servido, o te haya incentivado a
investigar más sobre el tema, y tal vez a aprender una nueva
tecnología.
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In this undated photo provided by her attorney, Todd Pomerleau, Any Lucia Lopez Belloza celebrates her high school graduation in Texas.
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Related article
In this undated photo provided by her attorney, Todd Pomerleau, Any Lucia Lopez Belloza celebrates her high school graduation in Texas.
A college freshman deported while flying home for Thanksgiving is fighting to return. Here’s what we know about her case
The government also argues that the judge who issued the Nov. 21 order preventing her removal lacked jurisdiction because by then, Lopez Belloza was already in Texas on her way out of the country. But lawyers for the student argue that Immigration and Customs Enforcement made it all but impossible to locate her.
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Related article
The Free Press’ Honestly with Bari Weiss (pictured) hosts Senator Ted Cruz presented by Uber and X on January 18, 2025 in Washington, DC.
Inside the Bari Weiss decision that led to a ‘60 Minutes’ crisis
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Alfonsi’s report was weeks in the making. Weiss screened it for the first time last Thursday night. The story was finalized on Friday, according to CBS sources, and was announced in a press release that same day.
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The inadvertent Canadian stream is “the best thing that could have happened,” a CBS source told CNN on Monday evening, arguing that the Alfonsi piece is “excellent” and should have been televised as intended.
People close to Weiss have argued that the piece was imbalanced, however, because it did not include interviews with Trump officials.
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At the end of the segment that streamed on Global TV’s platform, Alfonsi said Homeland Security “declined our request for an interview and referred all questions about CECOT to El Salvador. The government there did not respond to our request.”
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